Lothian MSP and Co-chair of the Cancer Cross Party Group at the Scottish Parliament, Miles Briggs, has warned about the drop in urgent cancer referrals over the last six months in NHS Lothian.
Public Health Scotland figures released this week showed that over the last two quarters (ending June 20 and September 20) 484 and 463, 947 total, were urgently referred for and received a cancer treatment.
This compares to the same six months last year (ending June 19 and September 19) when 591 and 616, 1207 total, patients were urgently referred for and received a cancer treatment.
This is equivalent to 21.5%, or just over a fifth, fewer patients being urgently referred and receiving treatment for cancer in NHS Lothian.
Co-chair of the Cancer Cross Party Group at the Scottish Parliament, Miles Briggs, said:
“This is extremely concerning that there has been such a drop in patients being urgently referred to cancer patients in the last six months.
“Early detection and treatment of cancer is the best way to improve survival rates for cancer and these figures show fewer people are having cancer detected and treated.
“The focus of our National Health Service has been on Covid-19, but people are still going to get ill and it is vital that access to cancer services is available for everyone.”
A lot of pregnancies are unplanned. It’s common to feel stunned, scared, embarrassed or isolated when facing an unplanned pregnancy (writes LORNA FROST).
Deciding whether or not to continue with the pregnancy can be very straightforward and obvious for some people while others can find it a difficult and complicated decision. It’s important that the decision as to whether or not to continue with a pregnancy is made by the person it most affects.
Early medical abortion involves taking two sets of pills. Since April 2020, in light of COVID-19 and the importance of minimising risks of spreading the virus, abortion care providers in Scotland have been able to allow early medical abortions (taking both sets of pills) at home. This avoids travel to GPs and hospitals to access abortion services. It is a way of keeping abortion safe and accessible.
Now the Scottish government is seeking views on the future arrangements for early medical abortion at home. The responses will affect whether the current arrangements continue once there is no longer a risk of COVID-19 transmission.
Surveys have found that most people are pro-choice. They think that deciding whether or not to continue with a pregnancy is a personal decision that should not be interfered with. If you agree please take 10 minutes to respond to the Scottish government’s consultation on early medical abortion at home.
Please do this now – the deadline for responses is 5th January 2021.
Just click on the link for guidelines which suggest how to respond.
Which? reveals the UK’s favourite walks to blow away the cobwebs over the holidays
The Buttermere Circuit in the Lake District has been named the UK’s top-rated walk in a survey of more than 50 popular routes, ranging from gentle strolls to full-day hikes.
With the UK continuing to face coronavirus restrictions, limiting opportunities for socialising indoors over the festive season, Which? has revealed the UK’s favourite walks, as voted for in a survey of nearly 3,000 Which? members.
The Buttermere Circuit in the Lake District, a 4.5 mile lakeside walk, took the top spot of the table, receiving a walk score of 88 per cent.
It was awarded five stars for scenery, thanks to its combination of a rippling silver lake next to dramatic mountains. Visitors also rated it favourably for accessibility, peace and quiet, and places of interest available on the route.
It was followed by Helvellyn, a tough eight-hour hike up the third-highest peak in the Lake District.
It received a walk score of 87 per cent, with hikers giving it five stars for its stunning scenery and views from the Striding Edge Ridge. While not one for the faint of heart – Which? recommends only experienced walkers tackle this route – the path is well trodden, and the chances of real danger are slim. Which? gave this walk five out of five for difficulty though, and facilities along the route are limited to non-existent, so walkers should come prepared.
The Rhossili Headland in Gower and Solva to St David’s route in Pembrokeshire, both coastal walks in Wales, also received walk scores of 87 per cent.
These routes were both ranked two out of five for difficulty, making them both nice options for a pleasant but invigorating stroll. Those who enjoy a bite to eat or a drink as part of their walk should head to Rhossili, awarded five stars by visitors for food and drink, while nature fans will be rewarded on the walk from Solva to St Davids, where they may even spot grey seals and porpoises – an indication as to why visitors gave it five stars for wildlife.
Receiving the third highest score – and the accolade of Scotland’s best walk – was the Anstruther to Crail stretch of the Fife Coastal Path, with a score of 86 per cent.
A comfortable saunter between two fishing villages, this route was given five stars for peace and quiet and should only take a couple of hours to complete. The path is clearly waymarked too, allowing walkers to find their way easily while making the most of the views across the Firth of Forth.
Other routes also receiving 86 per cent were the Botallack Mine Walk in Cornwall, the Craster, Dunstaburgh and Low Newton Circuit in Northumberland, and the Old Man of Coniston in the Lake District.
Dunseverick Castle to the Giant’s Causeway was named Northern Ireland’s best walk, receiving a score of 85 per cent and five stars for both scenery and places of interest.
The five-mile route, including a descent down the 162 Shepherd’s Steps to take in the view of the 40,000 basalt columns at the end, is well-maintained and was rated two out of five for difficulty by Which?, with visitors also awarding it four stars for facilities along the way.
Ben Lomond in Scotland was also given a score of 85 per cent, along with High Force & Low Force in the Durham Dales, Housesteads to Steel Riggs along Hadrian’s Wall, and the Mawddach Estuary in Wales.
Rory Boland, Editor of Which? Travel, said:“Whether you’re looking for easygoing strolls to fill the space between Christmas and the new year, or you’re after a breathtaking hike to help you shake the dust off your feet after this year, our rundown of the country’s favourite walks should provide plenty of inspiration.
“While coronavirus restrictions might prevent us from travelling to some of the farther-flung destinations on our list, the good news is that we are truly spoiled for choice when it comes to stunning walks across the UK, meaning there are walks to be enjoyed wherever you are in the country.”
As we get deeper into winter and the subsequent rise in colds, flu and likely, covid-19, more of us are hunting out ways to keep ourselves healthy.
However, research by the Fruit Juice Science Centre states that 40 per cent of people in Edinburgh are unaware that they are more likely to pick up viruses if the immune system is compromised.
So, how do we Improve our virus-fighting systems? It’s not as difficult as you might think. In fact, adding certain nutrients to your day-to-day diet could make all the difference.
Vitamin C
There’s a reason we turn to orange juice during times of sickness; new research by the Fruit Juice Science Centre has revealed that just one 150 ml glass of 100% fruit juice provides a staggering 84% of the Nutrient Reference Value (NRV – the minimum we should consume for normal health) for vitamin C. During times of illness, experts say we may need more than double the NRV – around 200 mg of vitamin C daily.
And this vitamin is essential for our immune system; it not only influences the growth and function of immune cells, it also supports the skin and gut barriers against pathogens, acts as a powerful antioxidant, and encourages mobilisation of white blood cells to sites of infection to kill off pathogens.
However, it’s not just when you’ve been struck down with the sniffles that you should consider drinking a glass of orange juice.
Thirty-one per cent of respondents quizzed in Edinburg believe wrongly that the body stores vitamin C and as long as you’ve consumed lots on one day, your body will have enough for the next day. However, this isn’t the case, and a daily supply is needed.
Dr Gill Jenkins, GP and broadcaster, explains that in the UK many of us fail to reach optimal vitamin C intakes as most people don’t eat the recommended five daily servings of fruit and vegetables. Shockingly, fewer than one third of 19-64-year olds hit their quota.
That’s why it’s a good idea to load up on fruit and veg, particularly those rich in antioxidant vitamin C such as tomatoes, red and green peppers, kiwi fruit, broccoli and potatoes. One daily serving of 100% juice can be part of this.
Vitamin D
The sunshine vitamin is in short supply during the UK’s winter months, so the UK government advises everyone considers a year-round supplement of 10 micrograms of vitamin D a day to keep bones and muscles healthy.
More recent studies have found vitamin D receptors on several types of immune cells,suggesting that it also has an immunity benefit. Added to this, low vitamin D levels in blood increase the likelihood of respiratory tract infections, so it’s essential to keep stores topped up.
Vitamin D is only found in a small number of foods which is why we rely on summer and autumn sunshine to hit our vitamin D targets. But even this isn’t foolproof given the UK’s ever-changing weather.
With nearly a fifth of adults failing to reach the minimum cut-off set by the UK Department of Health (25 nmol/litre) of vitamin D blood levels, it’s time to up our game with this essential vitamin.
As well as supplementation, include vitamin D-rich foods like oily fish, eggs, dairy products, liver, fortified foods and mushrooms.
Folate
This water-soluble B vitamin is essential for normal immunity, including antibody production and function.
It’s also vital for cell health, says Dr Jenkins, as during pregnancy, “a lack of folic acid is associated with neural tube defects (NTDs) such as spina bifida”. Need another reason to drink fruit juice? A 150 ml glass of 100% orange juice provides 16% of the NRV for folate. To increase your intake of folate even further, add whole fruit, nuts, seeds, beans, peas and green leafy vegetables to your diet.
Omega-3 fatty acids
Whilst Omega 3 fatty acids do target and reduce body inflammation[5], fewer than half (45%) of those surveyed in Edinburgh by the Fruit Juice Science Centre actually linked omega-3s with immune function. It’s recommended that we consume 140g of omega-3s-rich oily fish a week. However, the National Diet and Nutrition Survey reveals that adults aged 19-64 years eat just 56 g a week on average -with teens eating even less! Up your omega 3s intake with oily fish (including sardines, salmon and mackerel) as well as nuts and seeds such as flaxseed, chia seeds and walnuts. Try sprinkling flaxseeds over porridge for breakfast and grilling sardines on toast for lunch.
Polyphenols, prebiotics and probiotics
These all support our gut microbiota- the complex family of bacteria that lives in our digestive tract – which in turn, can play a role in our immune health. The gut is the first line of defence against pathogens and having a healthy, balanced microbiota is the cornerstone of this.
As if the vitamin C content of 100% orange juice wasn’t enough to make you consume 150 ml a day, orange juice also contains hesperidin, a type of polyphenol particularly useful in aiding vascular function with new 2020 research claiming that hesperidin could be useful in novel drugs for covid-19.
Dr Gill Jenkins explains: “Hesperidin has attracted the attention of scientists because it binds to the key proteins of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) – meaning it could have anti-viral effects.”
New evidence also suggests that hesperidin has a prebiotic effect, encouraging more favourable bacteria to thrive in the gut. For optimum levels of hesperidin, drink packaged juice rather than home squeezed juice since commercial squeezing extracts more polyphenols. As well as orange juice, add high fibre and probiotic-rich fermented foods to your diet such as pickles, miso, kefir and sauerkraut.
SCOTS are being encouraged to use walking to socialise safely, beat loneliness and boost mental wellbeing this festive period.
As festive plans are cancelled and changed, walking charity Paths for All has suggested families do something a little different this Christmas and New Years for a winter health boost by taking up local festive walks with loved ones, while following all government guidelines.
While winter can be a tough time for older people in particular, regular walks can help keep Scots safe while allowing us to meet up and spend time with family and friends helping to reduce stress, isolation and anxiety.
Research shows half a million older people regularly suffer periods of isolation during winter, with some people not seeing or speaking with others for up to five or six days per week, and even longer over the festive period.
A local daily walk over Christmas allows for all important interaction with loved ones, neighbours, and others in the community, creating a sense of connection and community belonging even while social distancing.
Dr Gregor Smith, Scotland’s Chief Medical Officer, said: “Regular walking is a powerful tonic. It helps to boost our immune system and those of us able to should strive to get the benefit this winter.
“A 30-minute daily walk is one of the best ways to look after yourself and it’s something we can do from our own front door.
“During periods of physical distancing, isolation and uncertainty, many have expressed increased feelings of anxiety, stress or worry. Daily outdoor exercise, while adhering to guidelines, is an important way to improve physical and mental wellbeing.
“We would encourage those who are able to get outdoors this winter to do so, even if it is for a short walk to the shop or to school.”
The plea comes as the charity launched its Walk Once a Day this Winter campaign and online content hub which highlights the importance of a daily walks to maintain physical and mental well-being.
The hub provides a variety of ideas, Christmas activities and information designed to motivate individuals of all ages to get outdoors and get moving including Santa spotting, podcast recommendations, location advice, community and festive walks and creative walking.
The winter initiative will also offer incentives to those who pledge to walk once a day through December and January.
“When I talk to patients on a day-to-day basis, most of them ask for advice on how to avoid getting COVID-19 or how they can improve their chances of fighting it if they do catch it.
“Walking is always one of the best things that people can do for their health, however during these times of COVID-19, it’s more vital than ever. When you go for a brisk walk, this stimulates the creation of ‘natural killer cells’ which are part of the immune system. They sit at the nasal cavity and are ready to mop up any virus including COVID-19 and kill it before it has a chance to replicate and get into the cells.
“Not only that, but walking in green space and nature has a positive impact on the brain also reduces stress and its negative impact on the immune system.”
UK-wide research by King’s College London during lockdown revealed 49% of people in the UK have felt more anxious or depressed than normal, with walking shown to be an effective method to prevent and manage mental health conditions.
Paths for All believes regular walking is key to leading a happy and healthy life – and it is important for people to continue enjoying short, local walks where it is safe and appropriate to do so, owing to the huge array of associated benefits.
Ian Findlay CBE, Chief Officer at Paths for All said: “A walking Christmas is the safest way to meet with friends and family this festive period, and additionally experience positive physical, social and mental health benefits.
“Over the last few months, walking has become more popular and surveys have shown that Scots have increased their walking during this unprecedented time more than any other part of the UK.
“We would encourage individuals to keep this up, even if it is for just a short walk round the block, it’s a time for us to wander outside, get some fresh air and leave our worries behind.
“We believe by encouraging people to walk everyday they will experience many positive physical, social and mental health benefits and in turn we will move forward in the New Year as a healthier, greener, safer and happier nation”.
Follow the campaign over on Paths for All social media channels #WalkOnceADay.
Paths for All launched a mood-boosting podcast designed using mindfulness techniques to help people look after their mental well-being whilst getting their daily exercise during Covid-19. Mind to Walk is freely available online on all popular podcast players or on Paths for All website at www.pathsforall.org.uk/mindtowalk
Paths for All’s focus is clear: it wants to get Scotland walking: everyone, every day, everywhere.
Heart Research UK Healthy Heart Tip, written by Dr Helen Flaherty, Head of Health Promotion and Education at Heart Research UK
Understanding Alcohol Units
For many people in the UK, alcohol plays a big part in their social lives. As Christmas approaches, it can be easy to get carried away with the celebrations. Drinking too much alcohol can increase your risk of heart disease.
But how much is too much and how do you know how many units of alcohol you are consuming? We provide guidance on understanding alcohol units and keeping track of how much you are drinking this Christmas.
What are alcohol units and ABV?
Alcohol units represent the quantity of pure alcohol contained within an alcoholic drink (1 unit is 10ml of pure alcohol). The number of units of alcohol in your drink depends on the size and the strength of your drink. ABV means ‘alcohol by volume’ and this is a measure of the amount of alcohol as a percentage of the total volume of a drink.
Calculating your units
You can find the ABV on the labels of cans and bottles. To calculate the number of units in a drink, multiply the ABV by the volume (in ml) and divide by 1000.
ABV x volume (ml) ÷ 1000 = units
1 BOTTLE OF WINE
1 PINT BEER / LAGER / CIDER
1 SINGLE SPIRIT
750ml (ABV 13.5%) =
10 units
1 pint (568ml) (ABV 5.2%) =
3 units
25ml (ABV 40%) =
1 unit
The drinks you pour at home may be larger than the amount measured out in pubs. You could try using a measuring cup when pouring drinks at home so you can keep track of what you are drinking.
How much is too much?
For men and women, the maximum recommended alcohol units each week is 14, spread over 3 or more days. If you are pregnant it is recommended that you do not drink alcohol at all.
Try recording how much you are drinking over a week using a diary or alcohol tracker. Drinkaware provide assessment tools that you can use to track the amount you are drinking: https://www.drinkaware.co.uk/tools
UK Health Minister Matt Hancock has released details of another mutation of the coronavirus. Two cases of the variant, which is linked to South Africa, have now been reported in the UK.
Scotland has introduced further controls on travellers to and from South Africa with immediate effect.
Mr Hancock told yesterday’s Downing Street press conference: “I want to tell you about developments on another new strain of this virus.
“Of course, the fight against this virus is a global effort. And we are constantly vigilant and looking around the world.
As part of our surveillance, and thanks to the impressive genomic capability of the South Africans, we have detected 2 cases of another new variant of coronavirus here in the UK.
“Both are contacts of cases who have travelled from South Africa over the past few weeks.
“The Chief Scientific Advisor and Chief Medical Officer and others met their South African counterparts over the last day.
“We are incredibly grateful to the South African Government for the rigour of their science, and the openness and the transparency with which they have rightly acted, as we did when we discovered the new variant here.
“This new variant is highly concerning, because it is yet more transmissible and it appeared to have mutated further than the new variant that has been discovered here.
“We have taken the following action.
“First, we are quarantining cases, and close contacts of cases, found here in the UK.
“Second, we are placing immediate restrictions on travel from South Africa.
“Finally, and most importantly, anyone in the UK who has been in South Africa in the past fortnight, and anyone who has been in close contact with anyone who has been in South Africa in the last fortnight, must quarantine immediately.
“By quarantine, I mean they must restrict all contact with any other person whatsoever.
“We will be changing the law to give this legal effect imminently.
“These measures are temporary, while we investigate this further new strain, which is currently being analysed at Porton Down.
“And I want to thank everyone involved for the seriousness with which I know they will take these instructions.”
Scottish Ministers have agreed on the basis of advice from senior clinical advisers to introduce further controls on travellers who have been in South Africa in the previous 10 days.
Regulations will require all UK nationals or residents returning to Scotland from South Africa to isolate for 10 days. This will apply to both the individual traveller and their household. Unlike travel into Scotland from other countries, there will be no exemptions to this quarantine policy.
All measures relating to South Africa will be reviewed in light of emerging evidence on the public health risks.
Cabinet Secretary for Transport, Infrastructure and Connectivity Michael Matheson said: “These steps are a precautionary measure to prevent the spread of a variant strain of coronavirus which has been detected in South Africa, which we are still in the early stages of learning about, to Scotland.
“This decision has been taken on clinical advice to help further safeguard public health and keep communities safe.”
Scotland’s Chief Medical Officer Dr Gregor Smith said: “A mutated strain of the virus has been detected in South Africa with greater transmissibility between humans and it is appropriate that we err on the side of caution.
“We do not want to see transmission of this strain in this country and it is imperative that anybody who has recently travelled from South Africa, and their household, should self-isolate for 10 days and follow the guidance laid out by the Scottish Government. If needed, they should contact NHS 24.”
Work will also be undertaken to contact individuals who have recently arrived in the country from South Africa in the last 10 days who may have had a sectoral exemption to encourage them and their households of the need to isolate.
Targeted approach planned for high prevalence areas
Community testing in areas with high coronavirus (COVID-19) prevalence will begin in January, Health Secretary Jeane Freeman has announced.
In a statement to Parliament on Scotland’s testing and vaccination programmes, Ms Freeman confirmed that community testing resources will be targeted at communities with high transmission rates, following successful trials in early December.
Local authorities will be asked to submit proposals for the programme in early January, which will be delivered in partnership with NHS Boards and supported with additional funding and resources, including mobile testing units and asymptomatic test sites, to provide PCR and lateral flow testing respectively.
In order to better target community testing, waste water sampling undertaken by SEPA and Scottish Water to track COVID prevalence will be expanded from 60 to around 200 tests per week throughout Scotland by the end of January, supported by £1.1 million in additional funding.
Discussions with local authorities are also underway regarding two models of school testing to be trialled in January. The first model will involve in-school testing using lateral flow devices, while the second will involve at-home sampling for PCR testing.
Ms Freeman also confirmed that a total of 56,676 people have received their first dose in the first two weeks of the COVID-19 vaccination programme, which aims to vaccinate all those on the JCVI prioritisation list by the end of Spring 2021. Once this group is complete, vaccination will start for the wider population, subject to available supplies.
The use of larger centres in heavily populated areas such as Glasgow, Edinburgh, Dundee, Aberdeen, and Lanarkshire is being investigated to supplement local and mobile solutions for those in remote and rural areas.
NHS Boards have also been asked to continue recruitment and redeployment, with the aim of securing around 1400 vaccinators and 800 support staff by the end of January.
Ms Freeman said: “I want to acknowledge the sheer effort that has been put in to enable what has been delivered already through our testing and vaccination programmes, and what we will deliver, as I have set out in Parliament today.
“Each of these programmes presents a major logistical challenges in and of themselves. Many people from different organisations and communities have come together to make them possible and I want to put on record my sincere thanks to everyone involved.
“These are incredibly tough times for everyone, at the end of what has already been an incredibly tough year, but this continued expansion of our testing and vaccination programmes will help us meet the challenge we face to drive down COVID rates in Scotland to the lowest possible level.
“Both are vital tools in our work to suppress the virus to the lowest possible level in Scotland, but they are only as important as the other measures we have including the Levels approach, enhanced support for our NHS and care sectors and critically, individuals doing the right thing by following FACTS – all of which are crucial to prevent the spread of this harmful virus through our communities.”
F – Face coverings A – Avoid crowded places C – Clean your hands regularly T – Two metres distance S – Self isolate and book a test if you have symptoms
A Midlothian nursing home will have its registration suspended after 15 residents died with Covid.
Edinburgh Sheriff Court heard that “virtually half” of residents of Thornlea Nursing Home in Loanhead had succumbed to the virus.
The court granted an interim suspension from 18 January, which will allow time to find alternative homes for the remaining residents.
Speaking before the hearing, a spokesperson for the Care Inspectorate said: “An inspection has identified serious and significant concerns about the quality of care experienced by residents at Thornlea Nursing Home in Loanhead, Midlothian.
“We understand this is a difficult and distressing time for residents, their loved ones and staff at the home.
“However, our first priority is always the health and wellbeing of residents.
“Because of our concerns about the safety of residents we have submitted an application to the sheriff court seeking cancellation of the care home’s registration.
“This could allow new care arrangements to be put in place for residents of the home.
“We are working closely with partners including Midlothian Health and Social Care Partnership and the Scottish Government to ensure that residents experience appropriate care during this difficult time.”
The volunteers at NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde’s Give and Go service have been some of the pandemic’s unsung heroes but together with the bags of laundry and Lucozade they’ve been given to deliver, they have also had some unexpected items in the bagging area!
The delivery service has been a godsend for patients and loved ones alike at a time when visiting’s been restricted. Friends and family simply drop off items for patients and can also collect their dirty laundry.
Dr Margaret McGuire, NHSGGC’s Director of Nursing said: “I simply cannot put into words just what an invaluable part the Give and Go service has played in our Covid response. Sadly for many, many months our patients have not been able to have visitors, due to the risk of transmitting the virus.
“Not only is this lonely for patients but at the beginning it also meant they couldn’t get essentials like fresh pyjamas and their own drinks and toiletries. And then came the amazing response from our volunteers! We’ve had such positive feedback from patients and families about what a difference this has made for everyone. Well done and thank you.”
Over at Glasgow Royal Infirmary there are 83 volunteers helping to keep patients in touch with their families by delivering what they need most. However, there have been a few raised eyebrows at some of the more unusual items they have been asked to transport.
Louise Colquhoun is the Volunteer Manager who runs the service. She said: “We did expect to get the odd cigarette and lighter being smuggled in, but even we were surprised at what we got through the door!
“We have had a 55 inch telly, a microwave, and lots and lots of alcohol, some even ‘cleverly’ disguised. But we rumbled them all and returned them to their rightful owners.
“It’s been a long year for all my volunteers – we deliver around 1,000 items a week to patients. Our unusual drop-offs have kept us all on our toes and given us all a wee laugh.”
The volunteer army will continue to work across hospitals and sites through Christmas and New Year, with many of the deliveries already including festive treats and a few gifts before Santa makes his own appearance on the big day.
